Nextcloud 安装部署

nextcloud

Nextcloud

系统环境

CentOS release 6.9 (Final) 64 位

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[root@xsage]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.9 (Final)

安装环境

秋水逸冰 LAMP 一键包，

Apache 2.4

php 7.0.16

MariaDB 5.5

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[root@xsage]# lamp add 
[root@xsage]# cd /data/cluod.example.com/

虽然是在 VPS 上安装，但是我用的是 Web installer（For shared hosts），这个相对来说更方便一些。

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wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/installer/setup-nextcloud.php

下载之后，访问自己的域名 https://cloud.example.com/setup-nextcloud.php，按照提示便可完成安装。

使用 lamp.sh 一键包可能需要改动的文件和命令

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/etc/init.d/httpd restart #重启apache

chown -R apache:apache /data/www/test.xsage.cn/ #设置虚拟主机目录权限

/usr/local/apache/conf/vhost/ # vhost配置目录

/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini #php配置文件

另外，在创建 vhost 时我就配置了 SSL，这里附上自己的设置

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<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName test.xsage.cn
    ServerAlias test.xsage.cn
    DocumentRoot /data/www/test.xsage.cn
    DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
    <Directory /data/www/test.xsage.cn>
    Options +Includes -Indexes
    AllowOverride All
    Order Deny,Allow
    Require all granted
    php_admin_value open_basedir /data/www/test.xsage.cn:/tmp:/proc
    </Directory>
    ErrorLog  /data/wwwlog/test.xsage.cn/error.log
    TransferLog  /data/wwwlog/test.xsage.cn/access.log
    </VirtualHost>

    Listen 443
    SSLPassPhraseDialog  builtin
    SSLSessionCache  "shmcb:/usr/local/apache/logs/ssl_scache(512000)"
    SSLSessionCacheTimeout  300

    <VirtualHost *:443>
        DocumentRoot /data/www/test.xsage.cn/
        ServerName test.xsage.cn
        ServerAlias test.xsage.cn
        ErrorLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/test_xsxage_cn_error_log"
        TransferLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/test_xsxage_cn_access_log"

        SSLEngine on
        SSLProtocol All -SSLv2 -SSLv3
        SSLHonorCipherOrder on
        SSLCipherSuite ALL:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA

        SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl/test.xsage.cn.crt
        SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl/test.xsage.cn.key

        CustomLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/test_xsage_cn_request_log" \
            "%t %h %{SSL_PROTOCOL}x %{SSL_CIPHER}x \"%r\" %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\""

        BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-5]" \
            nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
            downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0

        <Directory /data/www/test.xsage.cn/>
            Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks
            AllowOverride All
            Require all granted
        </Directory>
    </VirtualHost>

安装过程中遇到的问题和解决办法：

Q： “PHP is apparently set up to strip inline doc blocks. This will make several core apps inaccessible. This is probably caused by a cache/accelerator such as Zend OPcache vs Accelerator.” A：将 /usr/local/php/php.d/opcache.ini 文件移动到别的目录下，重启 Apache 。需要用时，恢复此配置文件，重启 Apache。

Q：Give PHP read access to /dev/urandom

A：When having an open_basedir configured within your php.ini file, make sure to include /dev/urandom.

开启 HTTPS，Apache 参考如下

<VirtualHost *:80>
   ServerName cloud.nextcloud.com
   Redirect permanent / https://cloud.nextcloud.com/
</VirtualHost>

开启HSTS(HTTP Strict Transport Security),Apache参考如下

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<VirtualHost *:443>
  ServerName cloud.nextcloud.com
    <IfModule mod_headers.c>
      Header always set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15552000; includeSubDomains; preload"
    </IfModule>
 </VirtualHost>

在 https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/ 的评级是 A+。

参考文档：

https://teddysun.com/lamp/comment-page-29

https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/11/admin_manual/configuration_server/harden_server.html

https://lamp.sh/install.html

系统环境

安装环境

安装过程中遇到的问题和解决办法：

参考文档：

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